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Competition and regulation in the Finnish ATM industry
(14.10.2021)
BoF Economics Review 8/2021
BoF Economics Review 8/2021
Declining ATM numbers pose a challenge for competition policy and financial regulatory authorities. In this report we review the Finnish experience of regulating the competition in the ATM industry. To analyze the Finnish ...
Taming the tides of capital – Review of capital controls and macroprudential policy in emerging economies
(17.01.2022)
BoF Economics Review 1/2022
BoF Economics Review 1/2022
This paper gives an overview on the use of macroprudential policy measures (MPMs) and capital flow management measures (CFMs) by emerging economies, and reviews literature on the effectiveness of these measures in containing ...
Externalities and market failures of cryptocurrencies
(26.10.2023)
BoF Economics Review 4/2023
BoF Economics Review 4/2023
This paper discusses the externalities and market failures in cryptocurrency markets. In particular, I highlight the significant environmental externalities created by Proof-of-Work (PoW) cryptocurrencies, the most prominent ...