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Gender differences in financial reporting decision-making: Evidence from accounting conservatism
(10.01.2014)
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 1/2014
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 1/2014
This paper investigates the effect of CFO gender on corporate financial reporting decision-making. Focusing on firms that experience changes of CFO from male to female, the paper compares the firms' degree of accounting ...
Descriptive analysis of the Finnish stock market : Part II
(14.03.2014)
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 10/2014
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 10/2014
This paper continues the data collection procedure and analysis set forth in Nyberg and Vaihekoski (2009). A number of new time series that are commonly used in finance literature are collected, created, and analyzed for ...
Are female CFOs less tax aggressive? Evidence from tax aggressiveness
(08.07.2014)
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 16/2014
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 16/2014
This paper investigates the effect of CFO gender on corporate tax aggressiveness. Focusing on firms that experience a male-to-female CFO transition, the paper compares those firms' degree of tax aggressiveness during the ...
Leading indicators of systemic banking crises: Finland in a panel of EU countries
(16.06.2014)
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 14/2014
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 14/2014
This paper investigates leading indicators of systemic banking crises in a panel of 11 EU countries, with a particular focus on Finland. We use quarterly data from 1980Q1 to 2013Q2, in order to create a large number of ...
Can firms learn by observing? Evidence from cross-border M&As
(09.07.2014)
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 17/2014
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 17/2014
In the presence of high uncertainty and limited experience, can observing the actions of other acquiring predecessors help firms make better acquisition decisions? Using a sample of cross-border M&As conducted by US acquirers ...
Professors in the boardroom and their impact on corporate governance and firm performance
(07.07.2014)
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 15/2014
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 15/2014
Directors from academia served on the boards of around 40% of S&P 1,500 firms over the 1998-2011 period. This paper investigates the effects of academic directors on corporate governance and firm performance. We find that ...
Optimal fiscal policy of a monetary union member
(10.06.2014)
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 13/2014
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 13/2014
In this essay we study the optimal noncoordinated fiscal policy in a monetary union, where a common and independent monetary authority commits to optimally set the union-wide nominal interest rate. The national governments ...
The risk of financial intermediaries
(29.07.2014)
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 18/2014
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 18/2014
This paper reconsiders the formal estimation of bank risk using the variability of the profit function. In our model, point estimates of the variability of profits are derived from a model where this variability is endogenous ...
How well does foreign direct investment measure real investment by foreign-owned companies? : Firm-level analysis
(15.05.2014)
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 12/2014
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 12/2014
We study Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) as a measure of real investment (gross fixed capital formation) in foreign-owned companies. Our data include firm-level information on FDI in-flows and real investment of foreign-owned ...
Small banks and local economic development
(29.01.2014)
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 5/2014
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 5/2014
This paper discusses the effects of small banks on economic growth. We first theoretically show that small banks operating at a regional level can spur local economic growth. As compared with big interregional banks, small ...









