Haku
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Central bank collateral policy and credit pricing : evidence from Finland
(15.07.2024)
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 7/2024
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 7/2024
We study the effect of collateral eligibility of corporate loans on the pricing of these loans by banks in Finland. Specifically, we investigate whether loans that are pledgeable as collateral for central bank borrowing ...
Effect of the countercyclical capital buffer on firm loans : Evidence from Germany
(27.08.2025)
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 8/2025
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 8/2025
We use confidential loan-level data from the European Central Bank to investigate how changes in the countercyclical capital buffer requirement in Germany affect lending to firms. We find evidence showing that tightening ...
Estate owners' ensemble : Mapping commercial real estate concentration using Finnish firm ownership
(09.12.2025)
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 12/2025
Bank of Finland Research Discussion Papers 12/2025
The commercial real estate (CRE) market is an important source of financial stability risks, yet ownership structures remain opaque. This paper uses comprehensive Finnish register data to construct firm-level ownership ...


